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Trans- action Publishers. Wood, F. (1990). Factors influencing research performance of university academic staff. Higher Education, 19(1), 81–100. 1578 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR YOUNG RESEARCHERS IN ECONOMICS & BUSINESS 2020 ICYREB 2020 Appendix A. Measurement scales Table 1. Demographic statistics 1579 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR YOUNG RESEARCHERS IN ECONOMICS & BUSINESS 2020 ICYREB 2020 Factors Items Directive leadership behavior (DL) DL1. I let subordinates know what is expected of them. DL2. I inform subordinates about what needs to be done and how it needs to be done. DL3. I ask subordinates to follow standard rules and regulations. DL4. I explain the level of performance that is expected of subordinates. Participative leadership behavior (PL) PL1. I consult with subordinates when facing a problem. PL2. I listen receptively to subordinates’ ideas and suggestions. PL3. I ask for suggestions from subordinates concerning how to carry out assignments. Supportive leadership be- havior (SL) SL1. I maintain a friendly working relationship with subordinates. SL2. I do little things to make it pleasant to be a member of the group. SL3. I help subordinates overcome problems that stop them from carrying out their tasks. SL4. I behave in a manner that is thoughtful of subordinates’ personal needs. Achievement- oriented lead- ership behavior (AL) AL1. I let subordinates know that I expect them to perform at their highest level. AL2. I set goals for subordinates’ performance that are quite challenging. AL3. I encourage continual improvement in subordinates’ performance. Coworker support (CS) CS1. My colleagues help me solve work-related problems. CS2. My colleagues provide me with constructive feedback on my research. CS3. My colleagues support me whenever I experience a heavy workload. Coworker pressure (CP) CP1. My coworkers could push me into doing research. CP2. I give into coworker easily. CP3. If my coworkers asked me to do research, it would be hard to say no. CP4. If my coworkers are conducting research, it would be hard for me to resist doing re- search. CP5. I’ve felt pressured to research because most of my coworkers have done it. Achievement values (AV) AV1. It’s very important for him to show his abilities. He wants people to admire what he does. AV2. Being very successful is important to him. He likes to impress other people. AV3. He thinks it is important to be ambitious. He wants to show how capable he is. AV4. Getting ahead in life is important to him. He strives to do better than others. Age % Gender % Education % Department % < 30 years 12.7 Male 26.5 Bachelor 0.2 < 10 people 24.0 30 – 40 58.3 Female 73.5 Master 71.1 11 – 20 peo- 42.4 41 – 50 27.0 PhD 28.7 21 – 30 peo- 20.6 > 50 years 2.0 31 – 40 peo- 5.1 > 50 people 7.8 Table 2. Results of factor analysis and reliability analysis. Table 3. Regression result with Research performance as the dependent variable 1580 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR YOUNG RESEARCHERS IN ECONOMICS & BUSINESS 2020 ICYREB 2020 Construct Cronbach’s α Item Mean SD Factor loading Directive leadership behavior (DL) 0.783 DL1 3.233 0.96 0.802 DL2 3.047 1.07 0.811 DL3 3.895 1.03 0.643 DL4 3.010 1.03 0.819 Participative leadership behavior (PL) 0.866 PL1 3.239 1.04 0.841 PL2 3.554 0.90 0.883 PL3 3.242 0.90 0.887 Supportive leadership behavior (SL) 0.832 SL1 4.074 0.78 0.830 SL2 3.973 0.88 0.827 SL3 3.113 1.09 0.798 SL4 3.478 0.97 0.866 Achievement-oriented leadership behav- 0.701 AL1 3.304 1.06 0.883 AL2 3.034 1.06 0.763 AL3 3.525 0.95 0.781 Coworker support (CS) 0.877 CS1 3.463 0.85 0.874 CS2 3.422 0.86 0.904 CS3 3.353 0.96 0.843 Coworker pressure (CP) 0.842 CP1 3.096 0.92 0.733 CP2 2.917 0.88 0.809 CP3 3.091 0.90 0.736 CP4 3.076 0.86 0.796 CP5 3.103 0.90 0.736 Achievement values (AV) 0.892 AV1 3.765 1.24 0.883 AV2 3.748 1.23 0.896 AV3 3.990 1.24 0.837 AV4 3.988 1.30 0.835 Model Unstandardized Standard- t Sig. Collinearity Statistics B Std. Error Beta Tolerance VIF 1 (Constant) 1.089 1.829 .595 .552 DL 1.488 .283 .298 5.251 .000 .836 1.197 SL -1.222 .288 -.230 -4.239 .000 .915 1.093 AL .706 .278 .144 2.544 .012 .844 1.185 PL .561 .259 .119 2.164 .031 .886 1.128 CS .658 .298 .123 2.212 .028 .872 1.146 CP -1.241 .326 -.203 -3.808 .000 .954 1.049 Table 4. Chow test for Achievement value as a moderator. **p<.05 Figure 1. Research model 1581 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR YOUNG RESEARCHERS IN ECONOMICS & BUSINESS 2020 ICYREB 2020 Residual sum of squares for Total 2807.621 Low Achievement value 1427.494 High Achievement value 1273.281 Chow test (F) 2.22** R(0.05, 102. 138 1.35