Some measures for management of technology in the classroom

SomE mEaSurES For managEmEnt oF tEChnology in thE ClaSSroom Tran Doan Vinh, Asso. Prof. PhD. Abstract: The development of science and technology has set many problems for us. In particular, in the field of education, how to use and manage technology in the classroom reasonably and scientifically to imprave improving the quality of teaching and learning. In this paper, after highlighting some concepts of technology, technology management and technology in the classroom, we offer some solutions to manage technology in the classroom. Keywords: Technology,Technology management, Technology in the classroom. 1. Instruction We are living in an age when technology has developed rapidly; Knowledge, skills are enhanced very fast and innovation is strong. That requires the school to innovate content, teaching methods, especially teaching aids to foster student autonomy, ability to solve problems, help children can be self-active, active and creative. The development of science and technology has set many problems for us. In particular, in the field of education, how to use and manage technology in the classroom reasonably and scientificlly to improve the quality of teaching and learning. We first learn about technology, technology management, technology in the classroom, then we come up with some solutions to manage technology in the classroom. 2. Contents 1. What is management of technology? Why technology management? 1.1. What is management of technology? Before the definition of technology management, we learn about technology. Technology is a collection of all production methods that provide products and services as well as the technical means needed to implement that method. Kỷ yếu Hội tHảo quốc tế CáC vấn đề mới trong khoa họC giáo dụC: tiếp Cận liên ngành và xuyên ngành216 Technology is the whole of the methods, processes, machines and equipment needed to produce products and provide services, knowledge, understanding, skills, information as well as organizational methods, humans need to apply to use those methods and means. Technology is the application of scientific achievements to production and life by using technical means, production methods and management as the results of research and development activities, processing processes systematically and methodically the knowledge, experience, skills and techniques that people accumulate and create in their entire development process. Figure 1: Technology 4.0 The technology generally includes all specific technologies, facilities and conditions for the efficient exploitation and use of them, developing them as required by the production and business created technological capacity of production and business organizations, social and national organizations. For any country, social organization, the development of technological capacity is also very important and meaningful. From technology definitions, we can give some definitions of technology management as follows: Technology management is the combination of science, engineering and management knowledge and practice, with technology as the central means of wealth and value creation. Technology management can also be defined as the integrated planning, design, optimization, operation and control of technological products, processes and services, a better definition would be the management of the use of technology for human advantage. Phần 2. cÔNG NGHỆ VÀ GIÁO Dục 217 Technology management is concerned with development, planning, implementation & assessment of technological capabilities to shape and accomplish the strategic and operational objectives of an organization or central planning goals and priorities of a nation. [2] Technology management is set of management disciplines that allows organizations to manage its technological fundamentals to create competitive advantage. The Association of technology, Management, and Applied engineering defines technology management as the field concerned with the supervision of personnel across the technical spectrum and a wide variety of complex technological systems. Technology management programs typically include instruction in production and operations management, project management, computer applications, quality control, safety and health issues, statistics, and general management principles. We also know that, management is an indispensable activity of human society; it combines personal efforts to achieve efficiency, but if it is impossible for each person to work individually, it cannot be achieved. Thus, technology management is a collection of technology activities to achieve the intended goal. 1.2. Why technology management? From definitions technology and technology management, we can give some reasons to manage technology as follows: First, not all technological innovations are beneficial to society. All technologies have its sides, positive and negative sides. In fact, the negative effects of technology are not always caused by technology, but by people who abuse it. So manage technology to combat technology abuse. Secondly, technology management is a tool to successfully implement the process of industrialization and modernization. Thirdly, at the grassroots level, technology management is the management of technical progress at the grassroots level. Technology management at grassroots level through activities such as input analysis, market analysis, technological, economic, social and legal feasibility analysis... as a basis for decisions of leadership in investment in facilities, search, market expansion, technological innovation. Thanks to these activities, technology management is a means to satisfactorily meet the interests of both producers and consumers. From the above analysis, we find that technology and technology management play a very important role in science and technology, economic, education and training and many other areas of social life. Kỷ yếu Hội tHảo quốc tế CáC vấn đề mới trong khoa họC giáo dụC: tiếp Cận liên ngành và xuyên ngành218 2. What technology in the classroom? Why used technology in the classroom? 2.1. What technology in the classroom? The development of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), especially technological devices, has provided teachers and students with many opportunities and solutions to improve the quality of teaching and learning. More and more students have brought into the classroom many technology devices (or so-called technology in the classroom). Therefore, we can come up with the concept technology in the classroom. Technology in classroom is technology devices used in classroom as laptop, iPads, netbook, smartphone,... to support teaching and learning. Figure 2: Technology in classroom 2.2. Why used technology in the classroom? We know that technology has brought many positive effects in the teaching process. Therefore, some of the reasons we use technology in the classroom are: • Technology in the classroom allows teachers to experience more Thanks to the support of technology, teachers can learn how to lead the class effectively. Breakthrough changes in technology are applied to teaching to help students absorb lessons faster and the classroom atmosphere reduces stress. Good grasp of technology will help teachers build prestige before students, and also for colleagues. • Technology provides tools that make teaching and learning more enjoyable From applications to lectures, e-textbooks, etc. There are many great tools available. Technology can help students and teachers work together, share ideas, Phần 2. cÔNG NGHỆ VÀ GIÁO Dục 219 and achieve the best possible results from learning. Since a few years ago, many teachers have used the personal Yahoo blog to write knowledge-sharing articles with students. Today, in addition to blogs, there are many more effective and direct support tools for learning. • Technology can automate a lot of boring work The simplest example that we think of right away is excel, which helps teachers calculate the average score for students. Today’s level of information technology can do much more, such as automatically tracking student achievement, simplifying the process of assigning assignments, discussing, interacting, or answering questions. Common students. Thus, teachers can spend more time deepening knowledge and investing in teaching methods for students. • Students have access to information that supports learning Classes today are shifting from accessing one-way information (from teachers to students) to a more multidimensional collaboration environment. In addition to class lectures, students can access YouTube to better understand what theories are learned when applied to reality. After that, students can come to class to share with others. Since then, creating a passionate learning trend, the emulation atmosphere among students will be enhanced without teachers having too much impact. Figure 3: Technology to support teaching and learning • Students can practice life skills through technology From creating PowerPoint presentations, learning to distinguish reliable and unreliable sources on the Internet, the sense of preserving reasonable images online for writing emails, these are all important skills that students can train and master from the time he was in school. This will be an essential foundation for future students, when they step out into life and start working. Kỷ yếu Hội tHảo quốc tế CáC vấn đề mới trong khoa họC giáo dụC: tiếp Cận liên ngành và xuyên ngành220 • We are in the technological age None of us can go back in time to the century before entering the classroom. The development of technology in life is natural and there is no setback, so rather than finding ways to control the existence of technology in the classroom, it is better to promptly grasp the technology, to technology serves us. On the other hand, the active use of technology in the school is also to prepare the foundation for students to be fundamental and important for the future. From the fact that students are allowed to use technology in the classroom, there are many problems in the teaching process, that is: abuse of technology in class, not focusing on teachers’ lectures,... So, what solutions do we need to effectively manage technology in the classroom to improve the quality of teaching and learning? 3. Some measures for management of technology in the classroom The development of technology devices has significantly influenced education and training. Since then, the students bring technology devices like tablets, laptops, and smartphones to school are prompting teachers and administrators to reconsider the role of technology in the classroom. In fact, students increasingly bring technology devices into the classroom and they increasingly expect teachers and schools to have a policy to be able to use these technology devices in the best way to support the learning. Figure 4: Technology management in classroom Phần 2. cÔNG NGHỆ VÀ GIÁO Dục 221 To control what students can access on their device, in addition to the firewall and security software that the school currently uses, they have moved to systems such as mobile device management. Therefore, school teachers need to have an appropriate plan to maintain a constructive learning atmosphere and prevent distractions other than just blocking websites, so they are willing to let their students use this tools. With the above thought and analysis, to manage the use of technology in the classroom, teachers can use the following solutions: The first solution: Establish an electronics policy With solution “Establish an electronic policy”, when teachers plan to use technology devices in the classroom, especially mobile devices such as smartphones, tablets,... it should be explained clearly to students know which rules are acceptable. Without such rules and policies, the technology devices standards will lead to problems for students in the lessons that use technology equipment. We know that these policies will not bring joy to students but those that require them to comply under the close supervision of teachers. Teachers must explain to students that they comply with those rules throughout the teaching process using technology devices. These principles include rules for naming, storing and sharing digital files, The second solution: Create consequences without disrupting classwork Class rules can only be done in lessons that use technology devices when teachers implement them. Teachers must monitor students to perform tasks in the classroom despite the distractions that technology devices create. There is a need for close supervision of teachers during the teaching process. In the case of students using technology devices not for the purpose of school hours, after the teacher has warning, reminded them, the simplest way is to confiscate their technology equipment until end of class. Teachers should consider assigning more tasks to the class and assignments at home to students who are frequently distracted. Teachers can also let students find more information related to the lesson or help classmates with technical challenges. Only such a solution, students are self-aware, active and proactive in using technology devices with purpose in learning. Kỷ yếu Hội tHảo quốc tế CáC vấn đề mới trong khoa họC giáo dụC: tiếp Cận liên ngành và xuyên ngành222 Figure 5: Technology management in classroom The third solution: Use key phrases to restore student attention When the students are focusing on the screen of smartphones, computer screens or tablet screens, it is not easy to regain the attention of all members of the class teacher. Then teachers can use repeat phrases like “all eyes on me” or “clos and flip your devices” will train students to react quickly and clarify the consequences if they don’t respond. In addition, when students want to move on to the next activity, the teacher can use the phrase “two-minute warning” to record information into the device and finish the work in progress. Similarly, when teachers want to convey certain knowledge to students in the computer room, they can use the phrase “turn off the computer screen” to ask students to concentrate on listening to the teacher giving lessons. After the teacher has conveyed the knowledge, allow students to turn on the computer screen to continue working. The Fourth solution: Put students to work Often, students know more about the technology they are using than their teachers, although teachers can be competent on the subject of the class. Therefore, in order to facilitate the teaching process, the teacher should ask the technical knowledgeable students to help others in the class with technical problems. Students will feel helpful for their contributions to class activities, and teachers can remain focused on classroom management and lessons when students help classmates with problems computer or tablet related topics are good for everyone. The fifth solution: Begin assignments “Offline” Phần 2. cÔNG NGHỆ VÀ GIÁO Dục 223 Before students switch their devices, the teacher should guide them to make sure they understand their assignments. This solution will reinforce the role of technology in the classroom and will ensure that students are aware of expectations before work begins. Experience shows that, to create a presentation or a video, students should outline the presentation before creating them on the computer. Doing so will help students focus on work while working and will help them with sketches out of the templates provided by PowerPoint or iMovie programs. The sixth solution: Look over student’s shoulders Teachers need to actively monitor class activities when students work on technology-based exercises. To confirm that the students are on duty, teachers should walk around the classroom and look over their shoulders, including checking minimized windows and open applications that may be disruptive. Figure 6: Technology management in classroom The appearance behind the teacher’s back will make them less likely to play games or access social networking sites. Therefore, it is necessary to arrange classes so that the teacher’s travel is easy and convenient. Students’ personal belongings and book bags must be placed in a corner of the classroom. If the teacher did so, some students would not take advantage of the “device time” and lose focus on the ongoing task. This is a solution to show the friendly communication between teachers and students, while creating the interest and supervision of teachers for students in the teaching and learning process. For the above six solutions, we can flexibly apply in specific situations and situations so that technology management in the classroom is the most effective for teaching and learning. Kỷ yếu Hội tHảo quốc tế CáC vấn đề mới trong khoa họC giáo dụC: tiếp Cận liên ngành và xuyên ngành224 CONCLUSION Technology management is an essential job for any organization or country in the world. In particular, technology management in the classroom is necessary and it plays a very important role in the teaching process. There are six solutions to improve the use and management of technology in the classroom: Establish an electronics policy, create consequences without disrupting classwork, use key phrases to restore student attention, put students to work, begin assignments “Offline” and, look over students shoulders. Hopefully, it will partly help teachers in schools when the use of technology devices in the classroom is being actively concerned to improve the quality of teaching and learning. REFRENCE 1. Nicole Radziwill. What is technology management? October 29, 2008. 2. Vijay Kr Khurana. Technology Management. Jan 7, 2013 3. Nguyen Van Phuc. Technical and technological management. Hanoi 2012. MỘT Số GIẢI PHÁP Để QUẢN Lý CôNG NGHỆ TRONG LớP HỌC Tóm tắt: Sự phát triển của khoa học công nghệ đã đặt ra nhiều bài toán cho chúng ta. Đặc biệt, trong lĩnh vực giáo dục thì làm thế nào sử dụng, quản lý công nghệ trong lớp học cho thật hợp lí và khoa học để góp phần nâng cao chất lượng dạy và học. Trong bài báo này, sau khi nêu một số khái niệm về công nghệ, quản lý công nghê, công nghệ trong lớp học, chúng tôi đưa ra một số giải pháp để quản lý công nghệ trong lớp học. Từ khóa: Công nghệ, Quản lý công nghệ, Công nghệ trong lớp học.