Ngữ pháp ôn thi TOEIC

ing. (A) regulate (C) regulatory (B) regulations (D) regulating Error Recognition Choose the underlined word or phrase that should be rewritten and rewrite it. 7. The hotel manager gave Natasha assisting in planning her first reception, especially in coordinating all the details and preparing the site. 8. Boris wanted to stage a fund-raising event, but the ideally locations either did not have the dimensions to accommodate the crowd he expected, or they were not in reasonable proximity to downtown. 9. In choosing a site for the reception, Ms. Benson had special criteria that had to be 600 words for Toeic test Congtuyen92.dcn@gmail.com 188 met, including close proximity to public transportation, so she needed a lot of lead time to meet her exactly needs. 10. In order to coordination the event, we had to have a general idea of how many guests would attend, and plan an ideal menu to satisfy the needs and tastes of everyone who attended. Reading Comprehension Read the following passage and write the words in the blanks below. assist exact lead time regulations coordinated general planning site dimensions ideally proximity stage Planning an event is not simple. There are hundreds of details that have to be (11.) ___, whether it is a wedding or a business conference. Early in the (12.) ___ process, you need to decide on the (13.) ___. If you know where you want to (14.) ___ the event, you should contact the site representative for an (15.) ___ description of the facility. The staff will provide you with information about room (16.) ___; food and beverage arrangements, including whether there are local (17.) ___ or restrictions for serving alcoholic beverages; and required (18.) ___ for reserving the site. If you decide that the first site is not (19.) ___ suited for your specific requirements, a guidebook will (20.) ___ you in finding an alternative setting. In considering location, you should also think about its (21.) ___ to public transportation. With a (22.) ___ idea of how many people will attend, and how much money you can spend, you can narrow down the available sites to the ones that best accommodate the needs of your group. LISTENING COMPREHENSION Part I: Picture [00:03] Look at the picture and listen to the sentences. Choose the sentence that best describes the picture. 23. A B C D Part II: Question - Response [00:30] Listen to the question and the three responses. Choose the response that best answers the question. 24. A B C 25. A B C Part III: Short Conversations [01:16] 600 words for Toeic test Congtuyen92.dcn@gmail.com 189 Listen to the short dialogs. Then read the question and choose the best response. 26. What are the speakers discussing? (A) The wedding coordinator. (B) The place for the wedding reception. (C) The decorations for the reception. (D) The wedding date. 27. Where will the reception take place? (A) At a nightclub. (B) At a museum. (C) At a theater. (D) At a restaurant. Part IV: Short Talks [01:55] Listen to the short talk. Then read the questions and choose the best answer. 28. When will the office party take place? (A) Next week. (B) Next month. (C) In the afternoon. (D) Next weekends. 29. What kind of site are they looking for? (A) One that is near the office. (B) A small one. (C) One that has a stage. (D) An inexpensive one. *********************************** [end] ********************************* Lesson 36: General Travel [00:00] Words to learn 1. agent /'eidʒənt/ (n): đại lý, đại diện (của một công ty); a. A travel agent can usually find you the best deals on tickets and hotels. b. You can buy your ticket from the ticket agent at the train station right before you get on the train. a. Đại lý du lịch thường có thể tìm cho bạn những giao dịch tốt nhất về vé và khách sạn. b. Anh có thể mua vé từ đại lý vé tại nhà ga xe lửa ngay trước khi anh lên tàu. 2. announcement /ə'naʊnsəmənt/ (n): ‹sự/lời› thông báo, công bố, tuyên bố; cáo thị, thông cáo a. Did you hear an announcement about our new departure time? b. I expect an announcement any time now about a snow emergency at the airport. a. Anh đã nghe thông báo về giờ khởi hành mới của chúng ta chưa? b. Hiện giờ tôi chờ đợi một thông báo bất cứ lúc nào về trường hợp tuyết khẩn cấp ở sân bay. 3. beverage /'bevəridʒ/ (n): đồ uống, thức uống (tất cả các loại, trừ nước lọc) a. The flight attendant offered all passengers a cold beverage during the flight. b. The restaurant had a range of beverages on the drinks menu, including soft drinks and juices. 600 words for Toeic test Congtuyen92.dcn@gmail.com 190 a. Tiếp viên hàng không đã mời mọi hành khách một thức uống lạnh trong suốt chuyến bay. b. Nhà hàng có một loạt thức uống trong thực đơn đồ uống, bao gồm thức uống không cồn và nước ép trái cây. 4. blanket /'blæŋkit/ (n): chăn, mền; lớp phủ; (v): phủ lên, che phủ, trùm, đắp a. It's going to be a cold night so I'll ask housekeeping to send an extra blanket for our bed. b. The snow blanketed the windshield, making it difficult to see the roads. a. Sẽ có một buổi tối lạnh lẽo vì vậy tôi sẽ yêu cầu bộ phận trực buồng cho thêm một cái mền phụ cho giường chúng tôi. b. Tuyết bao phủ kính chắn gió, khiến cho khó nhìn thấy đường sá. 5. board /bɔ:d/ (v): lên tàu (máy bay, tàu thủy, xe lửa); (n): boong tàu; ban, bộ, ủy ban a. For security reasons, visitors are not allowed in the area of the airport where passengers board the planes. b. We will board the train for New York in ten minutes. a. Vì lý do an ninh, khách tham quan/du khách không được phép vào khu vực sân bay nơi mà hành khách lên máy bay. b. Chúng ta sẽ lên tàu đi New York trong 10 phút nữa. 6. claim /kleim/ (v,n): đòi hỏi, yêu cầu; tuyên bố, xác nhận; khai báo; nhận lại, lấy lại a. Please proceed directly to the baggage arrival area to claim your luggage. b. Lost luggage can be claimed at the airline office. a. Vui lòng tiếp tục đi thẳng đến khu vực hành lý mới đến để nhận lại hành lý của bạn. b. Hành lý bị mất có thể khai báo tại văn phòng (của hãng) hàng không. 7. delay /di'lei/ (v,n): chậm trễ, trì hoãn, hoãn lại a. The bus was delayed due to inclement weather. b. The heavy traffic delayed our arrival at the train station. a. Xe buy bị chậm trễ tại vì thời tiết khắc nghiệt. b. Giao thông đông đúc đã làm trễ việc đi tới nhà ga xe lửa của chúng tôi. 8. depart /di'pɑ:t/ (v): rời khỏi, ra đi, khởi hành; sao nhãng, đi trệch, lạc (đề) a. After the wedding, the married couple departed for their honeymoon in Morocco. b. We're going to depart from our usual policy and allow you to leave work early one day a week. a. Sau đám cưới, cặp vợ chồng mới cưới đã khởi hành cho tuần trăng mật ở Ma-rốc. b. Chúng tôi sẽ không giữ chính sách thường lệ của mình và cho phép anh nghỉ việc sớm một ngày mỗi tuần. 9. embarkation /im,bɑ:'keiʃn/ (n): ‹sự/quá trình› lên tàu, cho lên tàu a. Cruise passengers are given a pass for embarkation when they check in at the dock. b. The flight crew must check the passengers' documents before embarkation. a. Hành khách đường biển được nhận giấy phép lên tàu khi họ làm thủ tục check-in ở bến tàu. b. Phi hành đoàn phải kiểm tra giấy tờ của hành khách trước khi cho lên máy bay. 10. itinerary /ai'tinərəri/ (n): tuyến đường, hành trình; nhật ký đường đi, sách hướng dẫn du lịch a. He reviewed the itinerary the travel agent had faxed him before purchasing the ticket. 600 words for Toeic test Congtuyen92.dcn@gmail.com 191 b. I had to change my itinerary when I decided to add two more countries to my vacation. a. Anh ta đã xem xét hành trình mà người đại lý du lịch đã fax cho mình trước khi mua vé. b. Tôi đã phải đổi lộ trình khi tôi đã quyết định thêm vào 2 quốc gia nữa cho kỳ nghỉ của tôi. 11. prohibit /prə'hibit/ (vi): cấm, ngăn cấm (to ban); ngăn chặn (to prevent) a. We were prohibited from wearing casual clothes in the office. b. Airline regulations prohibit the passengers from having beverages open during takeoff and landing. a. Chúng tôi bị cấm mặc thường phục ở văn phòng. b. Các quy tắc hàng không cấm hành khách khui đồ uống trong khi cất cánh và hạ cánh. 12. valid /'vælid/ (adj): có giá trị, có hiệu lực, hợp lệ (đặc biệt về mặt pháp lý) a. I need to make certain that my passport is valid if we plan to go overseas this December. b. The officer's argument for increased airport security seemed valid at the time. a. Tôi cần chắc rằng hộ chiếu của tôi có giá trị nếu chúng tôi dự tính xuất ngoại tháng 12 này. b. Lý lẽ của viên sĩ quan về việc an ninh sân bay đã tăng lên dường như đã có giá trị vào một lúc nào đó (trong quá khứ). Word Families verb announce The captain announced that the flight would be landing in approximately 15 minutes. noun announcement The flight attendant made an announcement reminding the passengers that this was a no-smoking flight. noun announcer The announcer gave the instructions for boarding, in three languages. ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ── verb board You can't board the flight without an embarkation card. noun board The board of directors met to discuss problems with the striking pilots. adjective onboard The onboard telephone was expensive to use, but a true time- saver. ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ── verb claim International passengers must proceed to customs as soon as they claim their baggage. noun claim If the airline has lost your luggage, you can file a claim with the insurance company. noun claimant There was a long line of claimants waiting at the lost luggage office. ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ── 600 words for Toeic test Congtuyen92.dcn@gmail.com 192 verb delay Please don't delay me; I need to get to my gate immediately. noun delay The delay in takeoff times was caused by a bad storm. ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ── verb depart The flight will depart from Gate 25. noun departure The pilot always reminds the flight attendants to make sure that all passengers are ready for departure. adjective departed The house felt empty without the departed guests. ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ── verb validate You can get your parking ticket validated at the concierge desk. noun validation The restaurant received three stars, which is quite a validation of the chef's skills. adjective valid Your ticket is no longer valid because it was issued over a year ago. ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ── Incomplete Sentences Choose the word that best completes the sentence. 1. The desk clerk ___ the change in gate numbers at least an hour ago. (A) announcement (C) announcer (B) announcing (D) announced 2. When it's time to ___ the flight, an announcement will be made. (A) boarded (C) board (B) boarding (D) boarder 3. As soon as John ___ his luggage, he went outside to look for a taxi. (A) claim (C) claimant (B) claimed (D) claims 4. The man had to ___ his travel plans because an emergency came up at work. (A) delay (C) delayed (B) delaying (D) delays 5. The train's ___ was delayed because of a problem on the track. (A) departed (C) departs (B) departure (D) depart 6. The airport applied a blanket rule that all passengers must be in possession of ___ tickets in order to enter the waiting area. (A) valid (C) validate (B) validity (D) validation Error Recognition Choose the underlined word or phrase that should be rewritten and rewrite it. 7. Once we heard that the departing flight would be delaying for several hours, because of the fog that blanketed the coast, we exercised by walking around the baggage claim area. 600 words for Toeic test Congtuyen92.dcn@gmail.com 193 8. Because he had lost the itinerary that his travel agent had given him, Mr. Peacock looked at the embark card to check the exact time that his flight would depart. 9. The man had to show the gate attendant his validation passport and itinerary, in addition to his embarkation card, before he was allowed to board the flight. 10. The announcement reminded all boarding passengers that carrying on beverages was prohibition on this airline. Reading Comprehension Read the following passage and write the words in the blanks below. agent blanket delayed itinerary announcements board depart prohibited beverage claims embarkation valid When Ms. Tan has to go on business travel, she calls her favorite travel (11.) ___. He reminds her to make sure that she takes a (12.) ___ passport on her trip. Once her reservations have been made and confirmed, the travel agent will issue a ticket and an (13.) ___. Before leaving for the airport, she calls the airline to check if the flight is on time and has not been (14.) ___. At the airport, after checking in her suitcase at the check-in counter, since she is (15.) ___ from taking more than one piece of carry-on luggage onto the plane, Ms. Tan receives her (16.) ___ card. She will present this at the gate when it is time to (17.) ___ her flight. She is told to be at the gate 15 minutes before the flight is to (18.) ___. During the flight, the attendant may offer her a (19.) ___, and she can even request a (20.) ___ if she is cold. The captain will make (21.) ___ during the flight to let the passengers know at what altitude they are flying, and when they may expect to arrive at their destination. Once the flight has landed, Ms. Tan disembarks and must go through customs after she (22.) ___ her baggage. After this, she will take a cab to the hotel where is staying, so she can rest and prepare for her meeting the next day. She will also reconfirm her return flight a day or two before she leaves to return home. LISTENING COMPREHENSION Part I: Picture [00:03] Look at the picture and listen to the sentences. Choose the sentence that best describes the picture. 23. A B C D 600 words for Toeic test Congtuyen92.dcn@gmail.com 194 Part II: Question - Response [00:31] Listen to the question and the three responses. Choose the response that best answers the question. 24. A B C 25. A B C Part III: Short Conversations [01:11] Listen to the short dialogs. Then read the question and choose the best response. 26. Why will the woman's trip be delayed? (A) It's too late to get a ticket. (B) The travel agent won't accept her credit card. (C) She needs to renew her passport. (D) She's afraid of flying. 27. Who is the man speaking with? (A) A pilot. (B) A hotel clerk. (C) A travel agent. (D) A flight attendant. Part IV: Short Talks [01:50] Listen to the short talk. Then read the questions and choose the best answer. 28. What do passengers have to show the flight attendant? (A) An embarkation card. (B) A passport. (C) A trip itinerary. (D) A boarding pass. 29. When will the flight leave? (A) At 1:15. (B) In twenty minutes. (C) At nine o'clock. (D) In five minutes. *********************************** [end] ********************************* Lesson 37: Airlines [00:00] Words to learn 1. deal with (v): giải quyết, đối phó, xử lý a. Ticket agents must deal courteously with irate customers. b. Sick passengers, frightened children, and rude pilots are just a few of the things cabin attendants have to deal with. a. Đại lý bán vé phải đối xử nhã nhặn với những khách hàng nổi giận. b. Hành khách bị ốm, trẻ em bị hoảng sợ, và phi công thô lỗ chỉ là một trong số những việc mà tiếp viên trong khoang phải xử lý. 2. destination /,desti'neiʃn/ (n): nơi đến, nơi tới, đích đến, mục đích a. The Great Barrier Reef is a popular tourist destination this year. b. Once you have determined your desired destination, we can work toward getting the best airfare. a. Dải đá ngầm Great Barrier là một điểm đến du lịch phổ biến trong năm nay. b. Một khi anh đã quyết định điểm đến mơ ước của mình, chúng ta có thể làm việc để 600 words for Toeic test Congtuyen92.dcn@gmail.com 195 có giá một chuyến bay tốt nhất. 3. distinguish /di'stiŋgwiʃ/ (v): phân biệt, nhận ra; phân thành, chia thành, xếp thành loại a. Suki was able to distinguish between the different types of jets on the runway. b. My travel agent has distinguished herself as being one of the best in our area. a. Suki có thể phân biệt được các kiểu máy bay phản lực khác nhau ở trên đường băng. b. Người đại lý du lịch của tôi đã tự làm nổi bật/tự xếp loại là một trong những người tốt nhất trong lãnh vực của chúng tôi. 4. economize /i:'kɒnəmaiz/ (v): tiết kiệm a. My travel agent knows I like to economize and always looks out for the best prices for me. b. We decided to economize this year and take our vacation during the off season, when prices are lower. a. Người đại lý du lịch của tôi biết tôi thích tiết kiệm và luôn tìm cho tôi giá tốt nhất. b. Chúng tôi đã quyết định tiết kiệm trong năm nay và thực hiện kỳ nghỉ lúc mùa nghỉ đã qua đi, khi mà giá cả thấp hơn. 5. equivalent /i'kwivələnt/ (adj): tương đương (almost equal) a. Carlos used the Internet to search for hotels of equivalent dollar value to the one recommended. b. The food the airline serves in coach class is equivalent to that served in first class. a. Carlos đã dùng Internet để tìm kiếm những khách sạn có giá đô-la tương đương với giá đã được căn dặn. b. Đồ ăn mà hãng hàng không phục vụ cho vé hạng thường thì tương đương với đồ ăn được phục vụ cho vé hạng nhất. 6. excursion /iks'kɜ:ʒn/ (n): cuộc đi chơi/du ngoạn; cuộc đi chơi tập thể (giá hạ + có thời hạn) a. With some time between meetings in London, the company president enjoyed an excursion to Stonehenge. b. The finance officer was pleased to find an excursion for the entire consulting team. a. Với một ít thời gian giữa các cuộc họp ở Luân Đôn, vị chủ tịch công ty đã thưởng thức một chuyến du ngoạn đến Stonehenge. b. Viên chức tài chính đã sẵn lòng tìm một chuyến đi chơi tập thể cho toàn bộ nhóm tư vấn. 7. expense /iks'pens/ (n): phí tổn a. A luxury vacation involves many expenses. b. If we keep our expenses down, we might have enough money to take a longer trip. a. Một kỳ nghỉ xa hoa đòi hỏi nhiều phí tổn. b. Nếu chúng ta kìm hãm chi phí của mình, ta có thể đủ tiền để làm một chuyến đi dài hơn. 8. extend /iks'tend/ (vi): mở rộng, kéo dài, gia hạn; duỗi ra, đưa ra (cũng hiểu theo nghĩa offer) a. We extended our vacation by a day. b. Our wonderful travel agent extended the full services of her firm to us. a. Chúng tôi kéo dài kỳ nghỉ của mình thêm một ngày. b. Người đại lý du lịch tuyệt vời đã mở rộng đầy đủ dịch vụ của công ty cô ấy cho 600 words for Toeic test Congtuyen92.dcn@gmail.com 196 chúng tôi. 9. prospective /prə'spektiv/ (adj): (thuộc) tương lai, triển vọng a. The airline had a reception to impress travel agents who might be prospective clients. b. I narrowed my list of prospective destinations to my three top choices. a. Hãng hàng không có một cuộc chiêu đãi để gây ấn tượng các đại lý du lịch, những người mà có thể trở thành khách hàng tương lai. b. Tôi rút gọn danh sách các điểm đến triển vọng đối với tôi xuống còn 3 chọn lựa. 10. situation /,sitʃʊ'eitʃn/ (n): vị trí, địa thế; tình huống, hoàn cảnh; việc làm, chỗ làm a. The airline suggested I check with the State Department regarding the political situation in the country I'm flying to. b. The vast number of different airfares available makes for a complicated situation. a. Hãng hàng không đã đề nghị tôi kiểm tra với Bộ Ngoại giao Mỹ về tình hình chính trị ở quốc gia mà tôi đang bay đến. b. Một số lớn cước phí hàng không khác nhau hiện có đã tạo ra một tình thế phức tạp. 11. substantially /səb'stænʃəli/ (adv): về thực chất, về bản chất, về cơ bản; lớn lao, đáng kể a. The airline I work for had a substantially higher rating for customer satisfaction than our competitors had. b. The airfares charged by different airlines are not substantially different. a. Hãng hàng không mà tôi đang làm việc có thứ hạng về sự hài lòng của khách hàng cao hơn đáng kể thứ hạng mà các đối thủ có. a. Cước phí hàng không được tính bởi các hãng HK khác nhau thì không khác biệt đáng kể. 12. system /'sistəm/ (n): hệ thống, hệ thống phân loại, chế độ (hoạt động, xã hội...) a. The airline system covers the entire world with flights. b. We need a better system to keep track of how much money we are spending on this vacation. a. Hệ thống hàng không trải ra/bao trùm toàn bộ thế giới bằng các chuyến bay. b. Chúng tôi cần một hệ thống tốt hơn để nắm được rằng chúng tôi đang chi tiêu bao nhiêu tiền cho kỳ nghỉ này. Word Families verb distinguish I can't distinguish any difference in the two airlines, since their fares are the same. adjective distinguishable The airline's planes were easily distinguishable by the bright logo on the planes' tails. adverb distinguishably Even though you have paid a lower fare, we won't be distinguishably different than the other passengers on the plane. ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ── verb economize We no longer fly first class, since our company is trying to economize. adjective economical Without hesitation, we chose the more economical of the two airline tickets. 600 words for Toeic test Congtuyen92.dcn@gmail.com 197 adverb economically A good travel agent can help you plan your trip economically. ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ── noun expense To stay within our travel budget, we must keep all our expenses as low as possible. adjective expensively The first-class seats are for those who travel expensively but with great style. adverb expensive Only the most expensive fares were still available. ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ── verb extend When people travel to an interesting destination for business, they often extend their trip by a few days in order to enjoy the place as a tourist. noun extent Larry has traveled to Japan many times and the extent of his knowledge of that country is impressive. adjective extensive Pamela is taking six months off from work in order to take an extensive tour of South America. ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ── noun prospect The prospects of getting a seat on this evening's flight are not good. adjective prospective The travel agency offered special deals in order to attract prospective customers. ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ── noun substance I couldn't recognize the substance that was on my meal tray and that the airlines called dinner. adjective substantial Ms. Qin found there was a substantial difference in the price quoted for the plane ticket, depending on which day she flew. adverb substantially There is substantially no difference in the quality of food served in first class and in economy class. ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ── Incomplete Sentences Choose the word that best completes the sentence. 1. Let me point out the features of our service that ___ our airline from our competitors. (A) distinguishably (C) distinguishing (B) distinguishable (D) distinguish 2. Let's shop around until we find a more ___ airfare. (A) economical (C) economy (B) economize (D) echonomically 3. We need to keep our ___ down so you'll have to find us better prices on airline tickets. (A) expensiveness (C) expenses (B) expensively (D) expensive 600 words for Toeic test Congtuyen92.dcn@gmail.com 198 4. I decided not to ___ my trip since I felt so tired by the time I finished my business meetings. (A) extended (C) extensive (B) extent (D) extend 5. My travel agent said there were good ___ of finding a reasonably priced airfare. (A) prospective (C) prospectors (B) prospectively (D) prospects 6. Unless the airfares differ ___, you should book seats on the airline with which you have frequent flyer miles. (A) substance (C) substantial (B) substantially (D) substantiality Error Recognition Choose the underlined word or phrase that should be rewritten and rewrite it. 7. For travelers looking for economical fares, you get substantially savings with special excursion rates to your destination. 8. Due to the expense of filghts to our travel destination, our travel agent suggests we extensive our stay to get the most out of the difficult situation. 9. The airline system is so com