Educational Technology (EdTech) is a field that applies the utilization of modern
technology into creating the new technology and tools in learning and teaching. In
fact, EdTech is a process that identify, develop, organize, utilize and manage the
learning resources in order to facilitating the human learning. This paper aims to
explain the way to use EdTech effectively in classrooms, especially in Vietnamese
elementary schools. The contents of this paper are divided into 3 parts: (1)
Characteristics of teaching and learning in Elementary Schools in Vietnam; (2)
Application of Educational Technology into Elementary Schools; And (3) a case
study of using VR/AR in experiencing colors in an elementary teachers training.
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education and training. In general, AR technology is applied in the following key aspects of
the education and training process.
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(a) Enhance visualization in teaching and learning
With the AR technology, learning content in text, graphics, video, and audio can be
overlaid or emerging in the learning environment thus learners can feel and comprehend
by using many senses, in different ways. In addition, it also supports the creation of highly
interactive learning materials. Textbooks, memory cards, reading materials, etc. contain
special “signs” also when these materials are scanned by AR devices, it will generate
additional information in multimedia format. When using smartphones installed AR apps,
learners can interact with textbooks that containing “AR signs” in many different ways.
(b) Improve the effectiveness of using simulation
In university and college, especially for engineering and technology, simulation is
always considered an effective method for both learning and research. Normally learners
only use simulation software on computers. Nowadays, students can use AR is a very
effective technology that enables students to improve their knowledge and skills, especially
with complex theories and structures of machine systems. With actual models and additional
computer-generated features, learners can interact, manipulate models in a “very real” way.
This is a proactive, active learning process in which learners will learn how to learn with
technology.
(c) Support collaborative activities
One of the most important goals of the educational environment is to promote social
interaction among learners in the same physical space. AR technology has allowed many
users to share the common learning environment created by objects, virtual learning
materials, interact with each other in the same conditions, while still keeping contact with
them in the real world. This technique is particularly useful for teaching purposes when
learners are at the same place and can use natural communication tools (through words,
gestures... ), but can still be “immersed” completely in a virtual space.
(d) Support fully e-learning, m-learning (mobile learning) courses
AR technology has been also applied in teaching subjects such as chemistry, mathematics,
biology, physics, astronomy, AR applications on mobile devices (Smart phones, tablets) are
increasingly used in the classroom. Many applications are designed to create engaging
learning environments and transform learning experiences.
3.4 Application Augmented Reality in Teaching and Learning
The development of teaching facilities based on AR technology is conducted in the
following process of developing didactic media that includes:
Step 1: Forming ideas
This is an important step before building the script. Based on other factors of the
teaching process: goals, methods, content, teaching objects... we will decide what teaching
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facilities to use (in this case is a practical application strengthen), from that point we will get
the initial idea about the application.
Step 2: Develop didactical scenarios
In this step the didactical purpose, teaching objects, teaching plans, intended use
situations will be described more fully.
Step 3: Design objects of the application
Objects in application will be detailed in terms of attributes such as: location, image,
size, weight, temperature, motion at times... Some properties may not be important and
will be eliminated. The design of the objects is like an animated script with descriptions of
images and defined movements of the objects.
Step 4: Design the activities of the objects
The design of the object’s activities is to describe certain rules of movement when an
event occurs as an appropriate condition occurs to activate the movement of the object. This
condition may be caused by the virtual environment’s movements themselves or it may be
due to the user interaction.
Step 5: Select development tools
Based on the requirements of the scenario and hardware system characteristics, the
development tool will be selected
Step 6: Simulation of objects in 3D
This step will use the development tool to build the panoramic virtual environment
including all objects. In this step, the virtual world was originally formed.
Step 7: Simulation of virtual object display based on real object
This step will build the display of virtual objects based on the location of the real object.
The position of the virtual object will be assigned in a fixed position on the real object.
Step 8: Compile application
Compile and run on the corresponding devices such as smartphones, tablets
Based on our literature research, we found that there are two possibilities when
applying AR in teaching and learning.
(1) The first possibility is to use the available AR applications. Currently there are many
AR applications available, especially AR applications on mobile devices, we can download
from the app store like Apple Store (iOS) or Google Play (for Android) and use. However,
with this ability, there are also two problems:
- Cost: many applications can be downloaded for free but we have to pay for materials
- The second problem is the relevance of these applications to teaching and learning
situations. For example, this coloring application you can play with your children at home
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but not sure they are suitable for class sessions because the lessons are designed with clear
goals, content, methods
(2) The second possibility is that we ourselves develop AR applications for the teaching
process. However, with this ability we will also encounter difficulties as following:
-Funding: the cost of developing a complete AR application system is not cheap
-Likelihood of success is unsure.
Conclusion:
In the world that we currently live in, technology integrates in many facets of life,
included education sector. Educational technology can be considered as the use of technology
for designing instruction or training used to improve education. It should facilitate learning
processes and increase performance of the educational system. In this paper, after describing
some characteristics of learning and teaching in elementary schools and giving an overview
of educational technology, we explained how to apply educational technology in this first
education level. Finally, using VR/AF in an elementary teachers training is presented as a
case study of EdTech for children learning. Some information about Augmented Reality, its
application in learning and teaching and process of developing teaching facilities based on
AR technology will encourage elementary teachers to apply this advanced technology in
their practice.
Refrences
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nao-post194225.gd
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